Its astounding how much this topic as disgressed. Anyway, back to the original point.
I'd like to point out that all human societies that failed have lived in equilibrium with their environment. The folks on Easter Island, the Anasazi, the Norse in Greenland and Iceland, the Mayan, etc...
Those societies, which have all collapsed, didn't do so out of outbreeding what the environment had to offer. The sotry generaly follow the same patern:
1- The group thrive and multiply for a reason or another
2- They reach a critical point where they stop breeding, and actualy live in "harmony" with nature. Every societies mentioned above were able to do this. Heck, even modern Western societies were able to do this. Do we talk about overpopulation in Europe in North America, or Russia or Japan? I think not. This contradict what Mr. Smith believe.
3- Extinction happen after an ecological collapse. This ecological collapse is the starting point for a serie of events that generaly lead the society to die off.
4- This collapse is rarely man-made. Ressources can sudently become scarce after a suddent and unforseen climat change, like after an earthquake, a flood, a volcano eruption... peak oil? It may also be man-made, of course, but generaly out of ignorance, not because of an instinctual and irrevocable need for humans to spread. A great exemple is the Norse and the Eastern Island folks. They both had reached the critical population point, able to live in Harmony with their environment. But because they didn't understood how the environment worked, what were the differences with their homeland (because those people were settlers), ecological collapse happened.
5- After an ecological collapse, economical problems happens. People starve, witness a drop in their standards of living, revolt, civil war follow, and the remaining people either leave, or get exterminated by a stronger competitor. For exemple, the Eastern Island people runned out of trees, the Norses drained the nutriments of the soil because of unadapted agricultural practices (which worked in Norway, but not in Iceland and Greenland), the Mayans suffered droughts and certain anasazi tribes... well, I forgot about them. But the point is, running our of food or destroying the environment never actualy killed any societies. What killed them their unhability to adjust themselves after an ecological/economical collapse, either because of a civil war, a stronger ennemy, or both, usualy.
Therefore, would this all be a game, it would be better to bet on our ability to raise again after the proverbial storm, not to dodge it. Think of Peak Oil, or the increasingly hollowed out American economy, or the dangerously precarious state of our Planet's environemnt. What would matter for continuity is our ability to adjust ourselves and endure, not to prevent problems. Resiliance own vigiliance.
So, in conclusion, ask yourselves, not if our society is capable of changing its habits, but if our society is capable of adjustments. Just think of the Depression, in the 30s, if it happened again. How would the population react with this mass poverty? I say multiculturalisme would go to hell, our ethnic minorities would eventualy radicalize themselves, Society would become balkanized, and social cohesion would go out the window, and civil war might follow. But thats just my crazy personal fantasme.
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On the Matrix, what Smith said doesn't have to be true. He merely represent a point of view, which is determinism. He believe we're determined to do this or that, to obey or fail, to breed like virus and face extinction. In other words, according to Smith, Humanity's destiny is determined by our nature and our purpose, our "raison d'être", which would apparently be incompatible with what this Planet as to offer. But in reality, its much more nuanced that this. Societies fail or survive for many other reason that this, may they be imagined (ideological failiur) or very real (a f.ucking asteroid).